Tile-work



2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

D. N. LANYON.

TILE WORK.

No. 466,742. Patented Jan. 5, 1892.

(NaModel.)

` 2 Sheets-Sheet 2. D. N. LANYON. Y

TILE WORK.

No. 466,742. Patented Jan. 5, 1892.

THE Noms vergas c o.. Puma-umu., wnsumcwu, n. c.

, UNITED STATES PATENT OEEICE.

DICK N. LANYON, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

TILE-WORK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 466,742, dated January 5, 1892.

Application tiled October 2, 1890i Serial No. 366,804. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, DICK N. LANYON, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Tile-Vork, of which the following is hereby declared to be a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specication.

My present invention, while capable of use for a variety of purposes, is more particularly designed to provide improved tile-work, with which the walls of frame buildings may be faced in order to give to such buildings the appearance of brick or stone buildings at a cost very much below that of buildings constructed of brick or stone.

The invention can be embodied in a variety of forms, and certain features of the invention may be employed without its adoption as an entirety.

In the accompanying drawings I have illustrated only one form of tile-work, which in practice will be found to be simple, cheap, durable, and effective.

Figure l is a perspective view of a portion of the wall of a frame building having my improved tile-work applied thereto. Figi. is a view in horizontal section through the wall illustrated in Fig. l. Fig. 3 is a perspective view upon an enlarged scale of one of my improved tiles. Fig. 4: is an enlarged view in horizontal section through several of the tiles, showing the manner of connecting them together and to the buildingwall. Fig. 5 is an enlarged sectional view through the joints of two adjoining tiles at one side of the nails by which the tiles are connected to the buildingwalls. Fig. 6 is a plan view of one of the tiles, a portion being broken away for better illustration. Fig. 7 is a perspective view of a portion of the wall of a frame building, showing modified means of attaching the tiles thereto. r Fig. Sis a perspective view of a portion of a frame building, showing a further modified means of attaching the tiles thereto. Fig. 9 is a view in horizontal section through the tile-work shown in Fig. 7. Fig. l0 is a view in horizontal section through the tilework shown in Fig. 8.

A designates the wall of the building. This wall may be of wood, as shown; or, in case it is desired to apply my improved tile-work to a wall constructed of cheap brick or stone, this can be readily done.

lVhen the wall ofa building' is of wood, I may place upon the outer face of the wall and between it and the tile-work a felt or paper sheathing B, as shown in Figs. l and 2 of the drawings, which serves to make a tighter and warmer wall, and serves also to give a somewhat elastic backing to the tile-work, so that in driving the nails to fix the tile-work to the face of the building the danger of breaking the tiles is avoided.

C designates my improved tiles. For ordinary work these tiles will be of rectangular shape, preferably oblong, to more closelyimitate stone or brick work, although other shapes may be employed, of course, without departing from the spirit of the invention. By preference, also, the tile is formed with a concavity c upon its inner surface, in order to give lightness to the tile and to cheapen its construction and, when the tile is applied as.

shown in Figs. l and 2, to afford a deadair space, which serves to give greater warmth to the building-wall- The inner edges of the tile around the concavity c have preferably a flat face, so as to afford a secure bearing-surface for the tile when it is fixed in position for use. In the preferred form of the invention illustrated one side of each of the tiles C is furnished with a rib or tongue c', and one end of each of the tiles is furnished with a similar rib or tongue c2, and the opposite side of each ot' the tiles is formed with a groove or rabbet c3 and the opposite end with a groove c4, the grooves or rabbets and ribs being pref` erably of such shape as topermit the interin locking of adjacent tiles when set in position for use. I prefer to form the ribs or tongues of the tiles of V shape, as shown, and the grooves of corresponding shape, since by so doing I can secure not only an interlocking or tongue-and-groove joint, but at the same time obtain greater body in the tongue or rib for the nails that may be used to hold the tiles in position and consequently lessen the danger of breakage of such ribs. Moreover, by forming the grooves and tongues or ribs of this shape the molding of the tiles is more easily effected. The ribs of the tiles in the form shown in Figs. l to (3 of the drawings are formed with slots c5 in convenient number to admit nails D, by which the tiles will be attached to the building-walls. The grooves c4 are formed by projecting portions c6 and cT of the tiles, and,if desired, the projecting portions ce may be furnished with the grooves orindentations 08, which will give .to the joints the ap'- pearance of tuckpointing. In the tiles shown,if the ribs c and c2 are formed, respectl ively, at the top and right-hand end ot' each tile and the grooves c4 at the bottom and left-hand end, it willbe seen that when the tiles are set together the ribs of one tile will interlock with the corresponding grooves of the adjacent tiles. In setting the tiles in position 'cement E will be placed within the grooves c3 and c4, so that when the next adjacent tiles and their corresponding ribs are forced into these grooves the cement will be spread more or less to form a bond between the tiles. By forming the grooves and ribs of such sh ape that they shall interlock, as I prefer to do, it is only necesl sary to nail each of the tiles upon one side and one end, since the opposite grooved sides and ends of the tiles will be held by the interlocking ribs of the next adjacent tiles. By preference the faces of the tiles C are glazed, and, if desired, the edges may also be glazed, although I wish it understood that the material, color,precise shape,and like details may be varied to suit the special work forl which the tiles are designed.

One advantage incident to the union of the tiles by ton gue-and-groove joints is that they cannot come apart by reason of the ordinary shrinkage or settling of the building, and consequently the danger of leakage at the joints is avoided, since the overlapping portions of the tiles will serve effectually to prevent the passage of water between the joints, even should the bond of cement be broken. By preference the grooves of the tiles are made somewhat larger than the tongues or ribs in order to admit a layer of cement in proper quantity to securely seal the joints.

My improved tile-work, besides being suitable for facing the walls of buildings, may be used, also, for interior work, such as wainscoting, iioors, ceilings, or, in fact, in a great variety of situations.

As I have before stated the precise details of construction may be varied without departing from my invention. Thus, for eX- ample, I regard it as within the scope of my invention to construct the tiles Without the cavities upon their inner faces and with any form, arrangement, or number of interlocking grooves or rabbets and tongues or ribs, and, to a certain extent, the advantages of my invention may be obtained by forming the tiles with squared ribs and ordinary rahbets or grooves to admit said ribs, since the ribs in such case would afford a means for attaching the device to the building-Wall by nails, while the overhanging shoulder of the rabbeted portion of the tile would serve to eoverand protect the nails and close the joints between the tiles.

In Figs. 7 to IO I have illustrated two other ways in which my improved tile-work may be attached to the building or in other situa-v tions. In Figs. '7 and 9, A represents the building-wall, upon which is suitably fastened a backing R, of wire-gauze or other perforated or reticulated material having openings or seats to receive the cement S, whereby the tiles are held in position. When the tiles are applied as illustrated in Figs. 7 and 9, the concavity c of each of the tiles will be filled with cement, and the tile will then be applied to the backing R; or, if desired, a layer of cement may first be placed upon the backing. The cement will thus set around the meshes of the wire-gauze orlike backing, and. a layer E of the cement will also be placed within the grooved edges of the tiles, so as to form tight joints between the adjacent tiles. By thus attaching the tiles the necessity of employing nails is avoided. In Figs. 8 and 10 the tiles are attached in manner somewhat similar to that illustrated in Figs. 7 and 8; but, instead of forming the backing for the tiles of wire-gauze or like material, a backing is provided to receive the cement, consisting of boards suitably grooved, as at a, or otherwise provided with seats or indentations to receive the cement S. When the tiles are to be-applied as illustrated in Figs. 8 and 10, their concavities c will be filled with cement, and the tiles will then be applied to the backing or wall A, parts of the cement setting within the seats or indentations formed in the outer face of the backing or wall A and serving to securely hold the tiles in position. So, also, a layer of cement E will be placed between the joints of the tiles in order to firmly seal the joints. Aside from the manner in which they are attached to the building-walls, the tiles illustrated in Figs. 7, 8, 9, and 10 are the same in construction as those hereinbefore described.

It is obvious that the tiles for the angles or corners of the building, or for portions of the wall which are of irregular outline, will be correspondingly shaped; but in these cases the tiles would still be formed with the ribs and tongues and grooves or rabbets, as in the construction hereinbefore described.

Having thus described myinvention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure kby Letters Patent, is

l. A tile C for buildingand other purposes,

Ahaving its under side formed with a concavity c, having one edge formed with a tongue or rib c and one edge formed with a tongue IOC IIO

IZO

or rib c2, and having each of 111e other edges with cement, said tiles having their edges formed with a, groove c4, corresponding in provided with ribs or tongues and grooves or 1o outline to the tongues or ribs, substantially rabbets, substantially as described. as described.

v v1 T 2. The combination, with a suitable back- DICK N' LALXO?" ing having seats orthe like to receive cement, Titnessesz of a layer of cement, and tiles C, provided GEO. P. FISHER, Jr., with suitable concavities c, which are lled IDA B, CARPENTER. 

